Post by seapj on Sept 22, 2014 12:46:55 GMT -6
Bald Eagle Quiz
First section has to do with the Bald Eagle’s size.
Q: What is the body length and wingspan of female Bald Eagles?
A: Body length is 35 to 37 inches.. Wingspan ranges from 79 to 90 inches.
Q: What is the body length and wingspan of a male Bald Eagle?
A: Body length is 30 to 34 inches. Wingspan ranges from 72 to 85 inches.
Q: How much do Bald Eagles weigh?
A: 10 to 14 lbs. .
This part has to do with Bald Eagle Feathers and their function.
Q: How many feathers does an American Bald Eagle have?
A: 7,192 feathers
Q: Eagle feathers are lightweight yet extremely strong, hollow yet highly flexible, what do they protect from and how do they do it?
A: They protect the bird from the cold as well as the heat of the sun, by trapping layers of air.
Q: How does am American Bald Eagle maintain its body temperature, and how is that done?
A: It simply changes the position of its feathers. While an eagle suns itself on a cold morning, it ruffles and rotates its feathers so that the air pockets are either opened to the air or drawn together to reduce the insulating effect.
Q: Are the feathers on an American Bald Eagle waterproof?
A: Yes.
Q: Eagles have 4 different kinds of feathers, what are they called?:
A: Primary; Secondary; Plume and Body feathers.
Q: What are Primary feathers, and what is their function?
A: The Primary feathers are the outer wing feathers, are pointed, and the outermost ones show an obvious notch in the vane. Above the notch, the tip of the feather is narrow and finger-like. This allows the feather tip to twist, generating lift during soaring, and directional movement.
Q: What are the Secondary feathers?
A: The Secondary feathers are the inner flight feathers, are rounded, and the vanes are more equal on both sides of the shaft. The feathers lack a notch.
Q: What are the Plume feathers and what is their function?
A: The Plume feathers look like a downy feather. The plumes are either opened to the air or drawn together to minimize the insulating effect.
Q: What are the body feathers?
A; The Body feathers are smaller feathers that are under the outer layer of feathers.
Q: What is the word that is used that refers both to the layer of feathers that cover a bird and the pattern, color, and arrangement of those feathers.
A: Plumage
Q: How are the feathers arranged on a Bald Eagle?
A: They are layered
Q: What is the function of the tail feathers?
A: They serve as a rudder and stabilize flight movement.
This section is all about the Bald Eagle’s head
and body.
Q: Do Bald Eagles have color vision?
A: Yes
Q: How large are a Bald Eagles eyes?
A: Almost as large as a human’s eyes.
Q: how sharp is their vision?
A: 4 times that of a person with perfect vision
Q: How far away can a Bald Eagle likely spot a rabbit moving?
A: Almost a mile away.
Q: So when a Bald Eagle is 1000 feet up in the sky over open country, how far would the distance be that they could spot prey?
A. Over an area of almost 3 square miles from a fixed position
Q: How is a Bald Eagle’s vision during nighttime?
A: Not as good as it is during daytime and evening
Q: How many eyelids does a Bald Eagle have for each eye?
A: 2
Q: What is the inner eyelid that moves from front to back called?
A: Nictitating membrane
Q: What is the function of the nictitating membrane?
A: It wipes dirt and dust from the cornea
Q: How often the nictitating membrane blink?
A: Every 3 or 4 seconds
Q: What else makes the nictitating membrane different from their regular eyelid?
A: It is translucent, so the Bald Eagle can see even when it is over the eye.
Q: Bald Eagles have barbs at the base of the beak, what are the for?
A: They protect their eyes from dust and other particles while the eagle is flying.
Q: An eagle's skull is designed at the eyebrow area to do what?
A: To shade the eyes from overhead sun, and to allow the eagle to see in front and below, with less visibility above and behind.
Q: What can the Bald Eagle’s brain figure out when fishing?
A: Where the fish is even though refraction of light at the water's surface makes the fish appear to be in a slightly different place.
Q: How many degrees can a Bald Eagle turn its head, and why?
A: 270 degrees…because they have 14 vertebrae in their necks.
Q: What do Bald Eagles eat?
A: Mostly fish, but they also eat rodents, rabbits, deer and even other birds.
Q: What kind of feeders are Bald Eagles?
A: Opportunistic
Q: What is the patch of featherless skin that is visible on the underside of birds during the nesting season? This patch of skin is well supplied with blood vessels at the surface making it possible for the birds to transfer heat to their eggs when incubation.
A: Brood patch
This part involves Bald Eagle Reproduction.
Q; American Bald Eagles are monogamous, what does this mean, and what is the exception?
A: Monogamous means they mate for life, exception is if a mate disappears.
Q: Are they apt to find another mate?
A: Yes.
Q: How do American Bale Eagles do courtship?
A: Displays involving aerial acrobatics.
Q: How and where do American Bald Eagles mate, and how long does it take?
A: The male mounts the female literally on her back on the nest or a tree limb. Time it takes is only seconds.
Q: What time of year do eagles mate…but what is the typically amount of time that fertilization takes place?
A: They can mate any time of the year, which is considered bonding, but typically there is only a 2 week period in which the fertilization takes place.
The next few questions relate to what happens with the embryo during development.
Q: Why do American Bald Eagles mate, and besides the obvious, what else happens as a result?
A: Though the eagles mate to reproduce, some of the mating efforts in breeding season strengthen the bond of the pair.
Q: Does mating during the right time always result in production of eggs?
A: No.
Q: What are the 3 reasons for a lack of result in the hatching of eggs?
A: 1. Some eggs fail to develop due to a lack of fertilization. 2. They fail to develop normally due to extreme cold, 3. The shells are too soft, and/or are microorganisms that can cause embryonic death.
Q. This question is on what happens within the eagle egg shortly before hatching starts. First half of question has 5 answers. How many can you remember?
1. Grows large enough to take up nearly all the space.
2. Bald Eagle Eggs thread, during the second half on incubation, the embryo is no longer free floating but is now fixed in the shell so when it is turned, it will resume its equilibrium position. The body Is now so that its head is at the large end of the egg.
3. Begins to breathe with its lungs. Ever crack an egg and see the white membrane inside? Before the chick pokes its beak through this membrane into the air space, a special tissue called the CAM supplies oxygen to the developing embryo. Gases, including oxygen, leave and enter the egg by diffusing through the pores in its shell, across the outer and inner shell membranes, and into the blood in the capillaries of the CAM.
4. From there, the blood circulates through the embryo and provides it with oxygen - no lungs required until the membrane is broken.
5. Consumes most of the remaining albumen and yolk. The yolk provides food and energy for the embryo.
Q:
What 3 things happen during the 2nd half of incubation?
A: 1. The embryo is no longer free floating but is now fixed in the shell so when it is turned, it will resume its equilibrium position.
2. A pip of the shell which normally occurs at the edge of the air cell.
3. What develops on the eaglet’s beak so it can break out of its shell?
A. Egg Tooth
Q: Between incubation and pip what is the embryo doing?
A: Getting itself into the right position so it can successfully hatch.
Q: During the incubation state, what is the embryo exchanging?
A: Carbon dioxide for oxygen by diffusion through the shell pores into the vascular membrane.
Q: What increases during the course of development and why?
A: Gas exchange increases during the course of development so that by the time the air cell is drawn the demand for chorioallantois, which acts like a placenta, reaches its peak.
This next question involves what happens about 72 hours before hatching when the egg starts a sequence of events that are critical. This question has 9 parts.
Q1: What is it that the chick must process and change?
A1:.The chick must progress and change from allantoic respiration (the blood vessels linked to the embryo that provide means of respiration) to lung breathing.
Q2:: What else must it do regarding the yolk?
A2: It must also retract the yolk sac and finally hatch.
Q3: What happens during the time the air cell begins the draw down?
A3: The complexus muscle, (also known as the pip muscle or the hatch muscle) located at the nape of the chick's neck starts to swell and also begins twitching spasmodically. This twitching movement travels through the chick's body and causes it to straighten, just briefly. This straightened or unbending position causes the chick to press tight against the shell which then forces its beak upwards. The head is up and at the larger end of the shell.
Q4: What does the egg tooth do?
A4: The temporary egg tooth begins to penetrate the inner shell membrane into the air cell.
Q5: What happens one the beak cuts into the air cell?
A5: The chick can start breathing air into its lungs but at this time it is still dependent on allantoic gas exchange. Here is when the little chick starts to chirp which means its is now breathing air!
Q6: What happens with the complexus muscle a few days prior to hatching?
A6.It starts to swell with lymph until it reaches a peak size at pipping time.
Q7: What is the purpose of the complexus muscle swlling?
A7: To help brace and cushion the head as the chick forces the egg tooth through the shell.
Q8: What happens after the swelling and pip, and what is the function in adult birds?
A8:t loses the fluid in a few days and assumes the appearance of a normal muscle. In adult birds it functions to raise the head.)
Q9: Now that the chick is breathing repetitiously what happens with the air cell?
A9:.The air cell becomes high in carbon dioxide which stimulates the hatching muscle even further. With little tappings at the shell from the chick, a small area of the shell begins to lift. This is called starring where tiny amounts of air enter.
The next set questions involve stages of Bald Eaglet development.
Q1: The Bald eaglet progress through 3 phases of development, what are they?
A1 :Eastructural growth, feather growth, neurological and behavioral development.
Q2: Do these phases overlap?
A2 :Yes.
Q3: But what also do they exhibit?
A3: A clear sequence from structural through neurological development.
Q4: What does Structural growth include?
A4: Primary tissue growth (e.g. skeletal and muscular systems).
Q5: This phase of growth occurs early in the development period and accounts for?
A5: Virtually all of the increases in mass or weight.
Q6: Different body elements grow at different time though the growth sequence can you give an example?
A6: Feet reach their terminal size very early on in development whereas wings and flight muscles develop at a later stage.
Q7: What does this sequencing coincide with?
A7: The “need” for these elements.
Q8: Eaglets progress through three different sets of feather, can you name them?
A8:s Natal down, thermal down, and juvenile feathers.
Q9: Can you describe natal down, and what it cannot do?
A9: This down is very light in color and does not have much insulating ability such that chicks must be brooded by an adult for warmth.
Q10: What is natal down replaced with, and when does that occur?
A10:Thermal down beginning around 10 days of age.
Q11: What does thermal down have that natal down does not have, and how many days is it before that occurs?
A11: Very good insulating qualities. 15 days.
Q12: After eaglets get their thermal down what are they now able to do?
A12: Thermoregulate on their own
Q13: How many days before juvenile feathers, contour and flight feathers appear?
A13: Typically on or before 27 days.
Q14: How are the dark feathers arranged, and what is the order that they arrive?
A14: In tracts and they emerge in sequence beginning with the capital (head) and dorsal (back) tracts. The ventral (belly) tract is the last feather group to emerge. Flight feathers including the wing and tail continue to grow throughout the development period reaching their maximum lengths around the time of fledging.
Q15:What is the last phase of the development of an eaglet/juvenile, and what does it include?
A15: Neurological or the learning of coordinated movements. This includes walking, feeding, and flying. The final month of development is consumed by acquiring the coordination needed for movement and flight.
Q: Young eaglets grow rapidly, how much weight do they add to their body every four to five days?
A: One pound
Q: By three weeks, how tall are the eaglets, and what parts of them nearly adult size?
A:They are 1 foot high and their feet and beaks are very nearly adult size.
Q Between four and five weeks, what are eaglets able to do?
A: Stand, beginning to tear up their own food.
Q: What occurs when eaglets six weeks of age? T
A: They are very nearly as large as their parents.
Q: What else happens at about the eight week?
A: The eaglets are beginning to stretch their wings in response to gusts of wind and may even be lifted off their feet for short periods.
Q: Adult males are smaller than females, what happens as a result?
A: They reach their terminal sizes at younger ages.
Q: Bald Eagles like all birds exhibit a _________pattern of growth meaning that they begin slowly, have a rapid phase of growth, followed by a slowing of growth to terminal size.
Fill in the 10 letter word in the blank.
A: asymptotic
First section has to do with the Bald Eagle’s size.
Q: What is the body length and wingspan of female Bald Eagles?
A: Body length is 35 to 37 inches.. Wingspan ranges from 79 to 90 inches.
Q: What is the body length and wingspan of a male Bald Eagle?
A: Body length is 30 to 34 inches. Wingspan ranges from 72 to 85 inches.
Q: How much do Bald Eagles weigh?
A: 10 to 14 lbs. .
This part has to do with Bald Eagle Feathers and their function.
Q: How many feathers does an American Bald Eagle have?
A: 7,192 feathers
Q: Eagle feathers are lightweight yet extremely strong, hollow yet highly flexible, what do they protect from and how do they do it?
A: They protect the bird from the cold as well as the heat of the sun, by trapping layers of air.
Q: How does am American Bald Eagle maintain its body temperature, and how is that done?
A: It simply changes the position of its feathers. While an eagle suns itself on a cold morning, it ruffles and rotates its feathers so that the air pockets are either opened to the air or drawn together to reduce the insulating effect.
Q: Are the feathers on an American Bald Eagle waterproof?
A: Yes.
Q: Eagles have 4 different kinds of feathers, what are they called?:
A: Primary; Secondary; Plume and Body feathers.
Q: What are Primary feathers, and what is their function?
A: The Primary feathers are the outer wing feathers, are pointed, and the outermost ones show an obvious notch in the vane. Above the notch, the tip of the feather is narrow and finger-like. This allows the feather tip to twist, generating lift during soaring, and directional movement.
Q: What are the Secondary feathers?
A: The Secondary feathers are the inner flight feathers, are rounded, and the vanes are more equal on both sides of the shaft. The feathers lack a notch.
Q: What are the Plume feathers and what is their function?
A: The Plume feathers look like a downy feather. The plumes are either opened to the air or drawn together to minimize the insulating effect.
Q: What are the body feathers?
A; The Body feathers are smaller feathers that are under the outer layer of feathers.
Q: What is the word that is used that refers both to the layer of feathers that cover a bird and the pattern, color, and arrangement of those feathers.
A: Plumage
Q: How are the feathers arranged on a Bald Eagle?
A: They are layered
Q: What is the function of the tail feathers?
A: They serve as a rudder and stabilize flight movement.
This section is all about the Bald Eagle’s head
and body.
Q: Do Bald Eagles have color vision?
A: Yes
Q: How large are a Bald Eagles eyes?
A: Almost as large as a human’s eyes.
Q: how sharp is their vision?
A: 4 times that of a person with perfect vision
Q: How far away can a Bald Eagle likely spot a rabbit moving?
A: Almost a mile away.
Q: So when a Bald Eagle is 1000 feet up in the sky over open country, how far would the distance be that they could spot prey?
A. Over an area of almost 3 square miles from a fixed position
Q: How is a Bald Eagle’s vision during nighttime?
A: Not as good as it is during daytime and evening
Q: How many eyelids does a Bald Eagle have for each eye?
A: 2
Q: What is the inner eyelid that moves from front to back called?
A: Nictitating membrane
Q: What is the function of the nictitating membrane?
A: It wipes dirt and dust from the cornea
Q: How often the nictitating membrane blink?
A: Every 3 or 4 seconds
Q: What else makes the nictitating membrane different from their regular eyelid?
A: It is translucent, so the Bald Eagle can see even when it is over the eye.
Q: Bald Eagles have barbs at the base of the beak, what are the for?
A: They protect their eyes from dust and other particles while the eagle is flying.
Q: An eagle's skull is designed at the eyebrow area to do what?
A: To shade the eyes from overhead sun, and to allow the eagle to see in front and below, with less visibility above and behind.
Q: What can the Bald Eagle’s brain figure out when fishing?
A: Where the fish is even though refraction of light at the water's surface makes the fish appear to be in a slightly different place.
Q: How many degrees can a Bald Eagle turn its head, and why?
A: 270 degrees…because they have 14 vertebrae in their necks.
Q: What do Bald Eagles eat?
A: Mostly fish, but they also eat rodents, rabbits, deer and even other birds.
Q: What kind of feeders are Bald Eagles?
A: Opportunistic
Q: What is the patch of featherless skin that is visible on the underside of birds during the nesting season? This patch of skin is well supplied with blood vessels at the surface making it possible for the birds to transfer heat to their eggs when incubation.
A: Brood patch
This part involves Bald Eagle Reproduction.
Q; American Bald Eagles are monogamous, what does this mean, and what is the exception?
A: Monogamous means they mate for life, exception is if a mate disappears.
Q: Are they apt to find another mate?
A: Yes.
Q: How do American Bale Eagles do courtship?
A: Displays involving aerial acrobatics.
Q: How and where do American Bald Eagles mate, and how long does it take?
A: The male mounts the female literally on her back on the nest or a tree limb. Time it takes is only seconds.
Q: What time of year do eagles mate…but what is the typically amount of time that fertilization takes place?
A: They can mate any time of the year, which is considered bonding, but typically there is only a 2 week period in which the fertilization takes place.
The next few questions relate to what happens with the embryo during development.
Q: Why do American Bald Eagles mate, and besides the obvious, what else happens as a result?
A: Though the eagles mate to reproduce, some of the mating efforts in breeding season strengthen the bond of the pair.
Q: Does mating during the right time always result in production of eggs?
A: No.
Q: What are the 3 reasons for a lack of result in the hatching of eggs?
A: 1. Some eggs fail to develop due to a lack of fertilization. 2. They fail to develop normally due to extreme cold, 3. The shells are too soft, and/or are microorganisms that can cause embryonic death.
Q. This question is on what happens within the eagle egg shortly before hatching starts. First half of question has 5 answers. How many can you remember?
1. Grows large enough to take up nearly all the space.
2. Bald Eagle Eggs thread, during the second half on incubation, the embryo is no longer free floating but is now fixed in the shell so when it is turned, it will resume its equilibrium position. The body Is now so that its head is at the large end of the egg.
3. Begins to breathe with its lungs. Ever crack an egg and see the white membrane inside? Before the chick pokes its beak through this membrane into the air space, a special tissue called the CAM supplies oxygen to the developing embryo. Gases, including oxygen, leave and enter the egg by diffusing through the pores in its shell, across the outer and inner shell membranes, and into the blood in the capillaries of the CAM.
4. From there, the blood circulates through the embryo and provides it with oxygen - no lungs required until the membrane is broken.
5. Consumes most of the remaining albumen and yolk. The yolk provides food and energy for the embryo.
Q:
What 3 things happen during the 2nd half of incubation?
A: 1. The embryo is no longer free floating but is now fixed in the shell so when it is turned, it will resume its equilibrium position.
2. A pip of the shell which normally occurs at the edge of the air cell.
3. What develops on the eaglet’s beak so it can break out of its shell?
A. Egg Tooth
Q: Between incubation and pip what is the embryo doing?
A: Getting itself into the right position so it can successfully hatch.
Q: During the incubation state, what is the embryo exchanging?
A: Carbon dioxide for oxygen by diffusion through the shell pores into the vascular membrane.
Q: What increases during the course of development and why?
A: Gas exchange increases during the course of development so that by the time the air cell is drawn the demand for chorioallantois, which acts like a placenta, reaches its peak.
This next question involves what happens about 72 hours before hatching when the egg starts a sequence of events that are critical. This question has 9 parts.
Q1: What is it that the chick must process and change?
A1:.The chick must progress and change from allantoic respiration (the blood vessels linked to the embryo that provide means of respiration) to lung breathing.
Q2:: What else must it do regarding the yolk?
A2: It must also retract the yolk sac and finally hatch.
Q3: What happens during the time the air cell begins the draw down?
A3: The complexus muscle, (also known as the pip muscle or the hatch muscle) located at the nape of the chick's neck starts to swell and also begins twitching spasmodically. This twitching movement travels through the chick's body and causes it to straighten, just briefly. This straightened or unbending position causes the chick to press tight against the shell which then forces its beak upwards. The head is up and at the larger end of the shell.
Q4: What does the egg tooth do?
A4: The temporary egg tooth begins to penetrate the inner shell membrane into the air cell.
Q5: What happens one the beak cuts into the air cell?
A5: The chick can start breathing air into its lungs but at this time it is still dependent on allantoic gas exchange. Here is when the little chick starts to chirp which means its is now breathing air!
Q6: What happens with the complexus muscle a few days prior to hatching?
A6.It starts to swell with lymph until it reaches a peak size at pipping time.
Q7: What is the purpose of the complexus muscle swlling?
A7: To help brace and cushion the head as the chick forces the egg tooth through the shell.
Q8: What happens after the swelling and pip, and what is the function in adult birds?
A8:t loses the fluid in a few days and assumes the appearance of a normal muscle. In adult birds it functions to raise the head.)
Q9: Now that the chick is breathing repetitiously what happens with the air cell?
A9:.The air cell becomes high in carbon dioxide which stimulates the hatching muscle even further. With little tappings at the shell from the chick, a small area of the shell begins to lift. This is called starring where tiny amounts of air enter.
The next set questions involve stages of Bald Eaglet development.
Q1: The Bald eaglet progress through 3 phases of development, what are they?
A1 :Eastructural growth, feather growth, neurological and behavioral development.
Q2: Do these phases overlap?
A2 :Yes.
Q3: But what also do they exhibit?
A3: A clear sequence from structural through neurological development.
Q4: What does Structural growth include?
A4: Primary tissue growth (e.g. skeletal and muscular systems).
Q5: This phase of growth occurs early in the development period and accounts for?
A5: Virtually all of the increases in mass or weight.
Q6: Different body elements grow at different time though the growth sequence can you give an example?
A6: Feet reach their terminal size very early on in development whereas wings and flight muscles develop at a later stage.
Q7: What does this sequencing coincide with?
A7: The “need” for these elements.
Q8: Eaglets progress through three different sets of feather, can you name them?
A8:s Natal down, thermal down, and juvenile feathers.
Q9: Can you describe natal down, and what it cannot do?
A9: This down is very light in color and does not have much insulating ability such that chicks must be brooded by an adult for warmth.
Q10: What is natal down replaced with, and when does that occur?
A10:Thermal down beginning around 10 days of age.
Q11: What does thermal down have that natal down does not have, and how many days is it before that occurs?
A11: Very good insulating qualities. 15 days.
Q12: After eaglets get their thermal down what are they now able to do?
A12: Thermoregulate on their own
Q13: How many days before juvenile feathers, contour and flight feathers appear?
A13: Typically on or before 27 days.
Q14: How are the dark feathers arranged, and what is the order that they arrive?
A14: In tracts and they emerge in sequence beginning with the capital (head) and dorsal (back) tracts. The ventral (belly) tract is the last feather group to emerge. Flight feathers including the wing and tail continue to grow throughout the development period reaching their maximum lengths around the time of fledging.
Q15:What is the last phase of the development of an eaglet/juvenile, and what does it include?
A15: Neurological or the learning of coordinated movements. This includes walking, feeding, and flying. The final month of development is consumed by acquiring the coordination needed for movement and flight.
Q: Young eaglets grow rapidly, how much weight do they add to their body every four to five days?
A: One pound
Q: By three weeks, how tall are the eaglets, and what parts of them nearly adult size?
A:They are 1 foot high and their feet and beaks are very nearly adult size.
Q Between four and five weeks, what are eaglets able to do?
A: Stand, beginning to tear up their own food.
Q: What occurs when eaglets six weeks of age? T
A: They are very nearly as large as their parents.
Q: What else happens at about the eight week?
A: The eaglets are beginning to stretch their wings in response to gusts of wind and may even be lifted off their feet for short periods.
Q: Adult males are smaller than females, what happens as a result?
A: They reach their terminal sizes at younger ages.
Q: Bald Eagles like all birds exhibit a _________pattern of growth meaning that they begin slowly, have a rapid phase of growth, followed by a slowing of growth to terminal size.
Fill in the 10 letter word in the blank.
A: asymptotic